[实用新型]一种三芯强耦合两模光纤

说明书

本实用新型公开了一种三芯强耦合两模光纤；光纤由三个具有渐变折射率分布的纯二氧化硅纤芯、折射率沟槽和掺氟二氧化硅包层组成；实现了高模场密度、低损耗、低串扰的超模运作；采用凹陷的折射率包层，可以有效减小弯曲损耗；采用纯二氧化硅纤芯可有效减小光纤损耗。

技术领域

本专利申请涉及一种新型光纤，具体涉及一种三芯强耦合两模光纤，可应用于通信网络、光学信息处理、新一代信息技术等领域。

背景技术

近年来，光纤通信业界围绕空分复用(包括芯式复用和模分复用及其结合)这一物理维度对通信网络传输容量实现了突破；空分复用中的多芯光纤、少模光纤和少模多芯光纤的研究成为前沿研究热点[Yutaka Miyamoto,Kohki Shibahara,Takayuki Mizuno,andTakayuki Kobayashi.Mode-division multiplexing systems for high-capacityoptical transport tetwork[C].Optical Fiber Communication Conference,2019,paper M2I.3；Jiaxiong Li,Chengkun Cai,Jiangbing Du,et al.Ultra-low-noise mode-division multiplexed WDM transmission over 100-km FMF based on a second-orderFew-mode raman amplifier[J].Journal of Lightwave Technology,2018,36(16):3254-3260；Ruyuan Yu,Hongjun Zheng,Xin Li,et al.A novel three-ring-core few-modefiber with large effective area and low nonlinear coefficient[J].Optoelectronics Letters,2018,14(1):30-35；Seongjin Hong,Kyoungyeon Choi,YongSoo Lee,and Kyunghwan Oh.Two-mode fiber with a reduced mode overlap foruncoupled mode-division multiplexing in C+L band[J].Current Optics andPhotonics,2018,2(3):233-240；Georg Rademacher,Roland Ryf,Nicolas K.Fontaine,etal.Long-haul transmission over Few-mode fibers with space-divisionmultiplexing[J].Journal of Lightwave Technology，2018，36(6)：1382-1388；TetsuyaHayashi,Takuji Nagashima,Kazuhiro Yonezawa,et al.Six-mode 19-core fiber with114spatial modes for weakly-coupled mode-division-multiplexed transmission[J].Journal of Lightwave Technology，2017，35(4)：748-754；He Wen,Hongjun Zheng,Qi Mo,et al.Few-mode fiber-optic microwave photonic links[J].Light:ScienceApplications,2017.8,6,e17021,1-8；Li Y,Wang X,Zheng H,Li X,Bai C,Hu W,et al.Anovel six-core few-mode fiber with low loss and low crosstalk.Optical FiberTechnology(2020)57:102211-.；Gao Yan,Li Yanlei,Li Xin,Zheng Hongjun,BaiChenglin,Hu Weisheng,Xu Hengying,Dong Qiuhuan,Xing Huadong,Su Yingqun,YinYingxin,Wei Chongqi,Zhao Baiqiang.An Elliptical-Core Few-Mode Fiber with LowLoss and Low Crosstalk for the MIMO-FREE Applications.Frontiers in Physics(2022)9；郑宏军，黎昕，白成林，啁啾脉冲在光纤中的传输，北京：科学出版社，2018.1，1-184；董秋焕，刘阳，郑宏军，黎昕，白成林，胡卫生，陈南光.模分复用系统中少模复用(解复用)技术研究[J].聊城大学学报(自然科学版)，2020，33(2):50-67；王潇，郑宏军*(通讯作者)，黎昕，刘阳，于如愿，白成林，胡卫生，模分复用系统中的少模光纤研究新进展，聊城大学学报(自然科学版),2019.4，32(2):69-79；高艳,李严蕾,邢化东,黎昕,郑宏军,白成林,胡卫生,许恒迎,尹莹欣,董秋焕.模分复用光传输技术研究[J].聊城大学学报(自然科学版),2022,35(01):30-56]；多实芯强耦合的三芯超模光纤也得到了大家的关注；多实芯超模光纤本质上是具有更大的有效模场面积、模场密度大、低模式依赖损耗的少模光纤[G.Rademacher,R.S.Luís,B.J.Puttnam,R.Ryf,S.van der Heide,T.A.Eriksson,N.K.Fontaine,H.Chen,R.Essiambre,Y.Awaji,H.Furukawa,and N.Wada,172 Tb/s C+LBand Transmission over 2040km Strongly Coupled 3-Core Fiber,in Optical FiberCommunication Conference Postdeadline Papers 2020,(Optical Society ofAmerica,2020),paper Th4C.5；R.Ryf,R.-.Essiambre,A.H.Gnauck,S.Randel,M.A.Mestre,C.Schmidt,P.J.Winzer,R.Delbue,P.Pupalaikis,A.Sureka,T.Hayashi,T.Taru,and T.Sasaki,Space-Division Multiplexed Transmission over 4200-km 3-Core Microstructured Fiber,in Optical Fiber Communication Conference,OSATechnical Digest(Optical Society of America,2012),paper PDP5C.2；S.van derHeide,J.C.Alvarado-Zacarias,N.K.Fontaine,R.Ryf,H.Chen,R.Amezcua-Correa,T.Koonen,and C.Okonkwo,Low-loss Low-MDL Core Multiplexer for 3-Core Coupled-core Multi-core Fiber,in Optical Fiber Communication Conference(OFC)2020,OSATechnical Digest(Optical Society of America,2020),paper T3A.3；Ryf,RolandSierra,AlbertoEssiambre,R.-JGnauck,A.H.Randel,SebastianEsmaeelpour,MinaMumtaz,SamiWinzer,PeterDelbue,R.Pupalaikis,PeterSureka,AnirudhHayashi,TetsuyaTaru,ToshikiSasaki,Takashi.(2011).Coherent 1200-km 6x 6MIMO Mode-Multiplexed Transmission over 3-Core Microstructured Fiber.1–3；R.Veronese,J.C.A.Zacarias,S.van derHeide,R.Amezcua-Correa,H.Chen,R.Ryf,N.K.Fontaine,M.Santagiustina,A.Galtarossa,and L.Palmieri,Distributed Supermode CouplingMeasurements in Multi-Core Optical Fibers,in Optical Fiber CommunicationConference(OFC)2020,OSA Technical Digest(Optical Society of America,2020),paper T4J.2]；纯二氧化硅纤芯可以有效地减少光纤衰减和熔接损耗，受到广泛关注，目前大都应用于单模光纤[T.Hasegawa et al.2016.Advances in ultra-low loss silicafibers[J].Frontiers in Optics,paper FTu2B.2；S.Ten.2016.Ultra Low-loss OpticalFiber Technology[J].Optical Fiber Communication Conference,paper Th4E.5；Yoshiaki Tamura.2018.Ultra-low loss silica core fiber for long haultransmission[J].Optical Fiber Communication Conference,paper M4B.1]。具有渐变折射率分布的少模光纤可以实现低差分模式群时延DMGD以及远场和近场具有相同模式宽度，并且不同模式下的有效折射率差(ERID)大于0.5x10^-3可以避免模式耦合(P.Sillardand D.Molin,A review of few-mode fibers for space-division multiplexedtransmissions,39th European Conference and Exhibition on OpticalCommunication(ECOC 2013),2013,1-3；Roland Ryf.Switching and MultiplexingTechnologies for Mode-Division Multiplexed Networks[D],Optical FiberCommunication ConferenceExposition,2017,Tu2c)。综上，若将纯二氧化硅纤芯、渐变折射率分布及多实芯强耦合的超模光纤的概念有机融合，有望解决目前少模光纤的研究挑战，有重要的学术价值和应用价值，研究意义重大、应用前景广阔。