[发明专利]与小麦株高相关的KASP引物组及其应用

说明书

本发明提供一种与小麦株高相关的KASP引物组，涉及小麦育种领域；该KASP引物组包括：1)核苷酸序列分别如SEQ ID NO.1、SEQ ID NO.2和SEQ ID NO.3所示的特异性引物组；2)核苷酸序列分别如SEQ ID NO.4、SEQ ID NO.5和SEQ ID NO.6所示的特异性引物组；结合使用该两组引物可初步区对小麦株高进行筛选，为筛选长江中下游冬麦区携带优异等位基因的小麦品种(材料)提供了方便，加快了育种进程。

技术领域

本申请涉及小麦育种领域，特别是一种与小麦株高相关的KASP标记引物组及其应用。

背景技术

株高是小麦重要的农艺性状，影响植株的形态结构，并与田间群体产量密切相关。小麦矮秆基因的利用是绿色革命的重要组成部分，对现代小麦育种具有深远影响(参见文献：Hedden P.The Genes of the Green Revolution.Trends Genet,2003,19:5-9.)。经典遗传学研究表明，小麦株高是一个复杂性状，由多个基因控制，存在主效基因，也有微效位点。迄今为止，已有25个Rht基因被命名(参见文献：Mo Y,Vanzetti L S,Hale I,SpagnoloE J,Guidobaldi F,Al-Oboudi J,Odle N,Pearce S,Helguera M,DubcovskyJ.Identification and Characterization of Rht25,a Locus on Chromosome Arm 6asAffecting Wheat Plant Height,Heading Time,and Spike Development.Theor ApplGenet,2018,131:2021-2035；文献:Tian X,Wen W,Xie L,Fu L,Xu D,Fu C,Wang D,ChenX,Xia X,Chen Q,He Z,Cao S.Molecular Mapping of Reduced Plant Height GeneRht24 in Bread Wheat.Front Plant Sci,2017,8；文献：McIntosh R A,Dubcovsky J,Rogers W J,Morris C,Xia X C.Catalogue of gene symbols for wheat:2017supplement.https://shigen.nig.ac.jp/wheat/komugi/genes/macgene/supplement2017.pdf.Accessed 17 Feb 2018)。位于4B和4D染色体上的Rht-B1和Rht-D1基因，以及2D染色体上的Rht8基因在世界范围内广为应用，其相关分子标记已成功开发(参见文献：Ellis M,Spielmeyer W,Gale K,Rebetzke G,Richards R.PerfectMarkers forthe Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b Dwarfing Genes in Wheat.Theor Appl Genet,2002,105:1038-1042；文献：Asplund L,Leino M W,Hagenblad J.Allelic Variation at the Rht8Locus in a 19th Century Wheat Collection.The Scientific World J,2012,2012:385610；)。此外，在小麦21条染色体上均检测到影响株高的QTL(参见文献：A,Schumann E,Fürste A,H,Leithold B,S,Weber E.Mapping ofQuantitative Trait Loci Determining Agronomic Important Characters inHexaploid Wheat(Triticum Aestivum L.).Theor Appl Genet,2002,105:921-936；文献：Peng J,Yefim R,Tzion F,RiDer M S,Youchun L,Eviatar N,Abraham K.DomesticationQuantitative Trait Loci in Triticum Dicoccoides,the Progenitor of Wheat.PNatl Acad Sci USA,2003,100:2489-2494；文献：Liu G,Xu S B,Ni Z F,Xie C J,Qin DD,Li J,Lu L H,Zhang J P,Peng H R,Sun Q X.Molecular Dissection of Plant HeightQtls Using Recombinant Inbred Lines from Hybrids between Common Wheat(TriticumAestivumL.)and Spelt Wheat(Triticum SpeltaL.).Chin.Sci.Bull.,2011,56:1897-1903；文献：Griffiths S,Simmonds J,Leverington M,Wang Y,Fish L,SayersL,Alibert L,Orford S,Wingen L,Snape J.Meta-Qtl Analysis of the GeneticControl of Crop Height in Elite European Winter Wheat Germplasm.Mol Breeding,2012,29:159-171；文献：Tobias W,Langer S M,Longin C F H.Genetic Control ofPlant Height in European Winter Wheat Cultivars.Theor Appl Genet,2015,128:865-874)。McCartney等(参见文献：Mccartney C A,Somers D J,Humphreys D G,Lukow O,Ames N,Noll J,Cloutier S,Mccallum B D.Mapping Quantitative Trait LociControlling Agronomic Traits in the Spring Wheat Cross Rl4452x'ac Domain'.Genome,2005,48:870.)利用RL4452×’AC’Domain构建的DH群体对包括株高在内的多个农艺性状进行QTL分析，在2D、4B、4D、5B、7A和7B染色体检测到6个株高QTL，其中QHt.crc-4B和QHt.crc-4D的定位区间与Rht-B1和Rht-D1位置重合。Griffiths等(参见文献：GriffithsS,Simmonds J,Leverington M,Wang Y,Fish L,Sayers L,Alibert L,Orford S,WingenL,Herry L,Faure S,Laurie D,Bilham L,Snape J.Meta-Qtl Analysis of the GeneticControl of Ear Emergence in Elite European Winter Wheat Germplasm.Theor ApplGenet,2009,119:383-395.)利用四个DH群体进行了株高meta-QTL分析，在除3D、4A、5D及第7同源群的三条染色体上找到16个meta-QTL。Liu(参见文献：Liu G,Xu S B,Ni Z F,Xie CJ,Qin D D,Li J,Lu L H,Zhang J P,Peng H R,Sun Q X.Molecular Dissection ofPlant Height Qtls Using Recombinant Inbred Lines from Hybrids between CommonWheat(Triticum Aestivum L.)and Spelt Wheat(Triticum Spelta L.).Chin.Sci.Bull.,2011,56:1897-1903.)在5个生长阶段对小麦株高进行了跟踪调查，利用条件与非条件QTL作图方法进行分析，检测到8个条件QTL与9个非条件QTL。其中QHt-4B-2在两个时期被重复检测到，表型贡献率达13.42％-16.13％，此研究表明株高基因的表达具有一定的时空特异性。